Flood Risk Assessment and Management Using GIS and Remote Sensing Techniques

Abstract

Floods are among the most frequent and devastating natural disasters, causing significant damage to life, property, and infrastructure. Rapid urbanization, climate change, and inadequate drainage systems have increased the vulnerability of many regions to flooding. Effective flood risk assessment and management are therefore essential for minimizing potential losses and ensuring sustainable development. This study focuses on the application of Geographic Information System (GIS) and remote sensing techniques for flood risk assessment and management. The research utilizes satellite imagery, digital elevation models (DEMs), and spatial data to analyze factors influencing flood risk, including rainfall intensity, land use, soil characteristics, drainage patterns, and topography. GIS-based tools are employed to integrate and process this data, enabling the identification of flood-prone areas and the generation of flood hazard maps. Remote sensing provides real-time and historical data, facilitating the monitoring of flood events and changes in land cover over time. evaluates various flood management strategies such as early warning systems, floodplain zoning, construction of drainage infrastructure, and watershed management practices. The integration of GIS and remote sensing allows for better decision-making by providing accurate and timely information for planning and disaster mitigation.